The tender unripe fruits are commonly cooked as a vegetable. Okra 330370 22 brinjal 225275 53 bitter gourd 140165 53. An overview of okra production, processing, marketing. Department of crop production, school of agriculture and agricultural technology, federal university of technology, minna, niger state abstract.
An appraisal of the current practices used in the post harvest handling of fresh. Moench cultivars for dry season production in the southern guinea savanna ecology of nigeria g. Only 3 to 4 days are required from the time the okra flower opens until the pod reaches harvest maturity. Good agricultural practices for greenhouse vegetable crops editorial board.
Seed production technology of okra abelmoschus esculentus july 11, 2017 august 12, 2017 posted in agriculture. The name okra probabily derives from one of nigercongo group of languages the name for okra in the twi language is nkuruma 11. Sep 21, 2015 okra may help in improving eyesight and immune power. Marketing and market outlook okra is a minor commercial vegetable in kentucky. Okra 2 1 4 onion 1 2 7 potato 3 2 4 tomato 2 2 11 all vegetables 2 2 10. Okra farming cost, profits bhindi a project report curry banana cultivation income raw banana, and yield cardamom cultivation income elachi, project report. Okra can be grown throughout the year but for seed production purpose, the maturity and. Enhancing the productivity of okra hibiscus esculentus. It is an important crop of many parts of the world and is thought to be native either of tropical africa or asia. World production of okra both species as fresh fruitvegetable is estimated at 6 million tyear. Hibiscus esculentus, malvaceae, okra purdue okra botany, production practices, harvest and postharvest ncsu malvaceae images tamu production guides. Pdf on jan 1, 2016, akshay chittora and others published production technology of okra find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Organic production of vegetables 7 2 7 5 8 0 5 8 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a a a a a a a a a k m e t. This technology is a regrowth cropping system from the cut stalks of previous crop while conventional methods a cropping practice of plantinggrowing one after.
Andhra pradesh, west bengal, bihar, orissa, maharashtra, and gujarat are important okra producing states. Okra belongs to family malvaceae with 2n8x72 or 144 chromosomes and is polyploidy in. Jan 28, 2008 guide to commercial okra production okra is a heatloving plant whose history can be traced to the nile basin in egypt where egyptians have cultivated it for centuries, according to accounts of the crop in the thirteenth century. The study on development of improved infrastructure and technology for rice production in africa survey on small scale irrgation and dugouts. L, new delhi, the first commercial f system and in coming decade also it has to go hybrid pusa meghdoot ofbottle gourd was. Okra is an important vegetable as its contribution to ghanas agricultural gross domestic production g. Mar 26, 2020 okra, a herbaceous hairy annual plant of the mallow family and its edible podlike fruits.
The fruit has a cylindrical form or pyramidal capsule in a color of green or purple when young then brown when matured. It is erect, leaves spreading, solitary yellow flower in leaf axils. Okra production ncsu okra production in florida ufl pdf okra orst okra production in california ucdavis. Oct 29, 2018 okra, both a common pod vegetable and nightshade vegetable eaten in the deep south, is also called gumbo in the u.
Seed production technology of okra abelmoschus esculentus. Criterion potential general knowledge okra offers many production possibilities, however, there are limited studies conducted on okra biology and production due to limited resources devoted to the species by national and international research institutes. Jul 11, 2017 okra or ladys finger abelmoschus esculentus. The uvi aquaponics system is a food production technology which integrates tank. It is perennial plant but mostly cultivated as annual its immature green seed pods is eaten as a vegetable it is known in many englishspeaking countries as ladies fingers or ochro.
The experiment consisted of three maize planting dates maize planted at the same time as okra in midjune. Reeah ii project is pleased to share with you to this farmers handbook for onion production. This handbook was developed to equip you our stakeholders and your stakeholders with fundamental knowledge and best practices information aimed at providing guidance through the onion production cycle. Masterplan study on the oil palm industry in ghana. The study on development of improved infrastructure and technology for rice production in africa survey on small scale irrgation and dugouts masterplan study on the oil palm industry in ghana. Area, production and yield of okra in pakistan 199900 to 200405. Iorlamen3 1,3department of crop production, university of agriculture, makurdi, nigeria. It is grown mainly fresh market and to a little extent for processing. Abstract medicinal plants are the natures gift to human being to have diseasefree healthy life. Although when we think of gumbo we usually think of soups, cajun and creole cuisine, okra has numerous health benefits.
Pdf nutritional quality and health benefits of okra. Vegetable production technologies and organic production. Increased attention is now being bestowed to breeding and production of tomato. Department of horticulture and landscape architecture. Okra is a multipurpose crop valued for its tender and delicious pods. Okra is suitable for cultivation as a garden crop as well as on large commercial farms. The okra plant has a sensitive balance between vegetative foliage production and reproduction pod production. Okra abelmoschus esculentus is an economically important vegetable crop grown in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. Icar, and horticulture commissioner, dac strategies to enhance productivity and production in vegetable crops. At this temperature and humidity, shelf life is 7 to 10 2 okra production in california. Apr 18, 2015 andhra pradesh, west bengal, bihar, orissa, maharashtra, and gujarat are important okra producing states.
Two or more sidedressings with a high analysis nitrogen material may be needed, however, depending on rainfall. India is the largest producer of okra in asia as well as in the world. Okra may help in improving eyesight and immune power. Okra, a very delicate vegetable, should be marketed immediately after harvesting. Okra, a herbaceous hairy annual plant of the mallow family and its edible podlike fruits. An edible ornamental flowering hibiscus, okra is an annual, erect herb with stems that contain stiff hairs. Technical efficiency for okra, pepper and tomato farmers in ghana is estimated at 54%, 74% and 58% respectively, and this has generally increased for okra and pepper but remained stable for tomato.
For this reason, okra must be harvested at least every other day during the growing season. Kentucky growers have in the past shipped lim ited amounts of okra to commercial wholesale market. Development of aquaponic technology for the production of. Okra production technology in pakistan okra or ladys finger abelmoschus esculentus or hibiscus esculentus is cultivated for vegetable purpose. The use of additional nitrogen should be avoided on vigorous plantings until fruiting begins to check plant growth. Yield performance of okra abelmoschus esculentus l. In northern areas okra is sometimes transplanted but this is not an established practice for large scale commercial production. National agriculture investment plan ifj agricultural articles. The study therefore seeks to assess the level of okra production, processing, marketing and utilization, also to determine the constraints hampering production of okra in the study area. Field experiments were conducted from june to october during 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons at the research farm, university of agriculture, makurdi, nigeria, to evaluate the yield performance of okra maize mixture as affected by time of planting maize. Generally, okra production is particularly labor intensive in harvest and requires certain skills for harvesting.
Ladies finger farming bhendi, planting, care, harvesting. Trends, area, production and yield there has been a progressive increase in area and production of okra in pakistan. Maintaining the key to maintaining okra production continuously throughout the summer is to harvest regularly. Pdf downloads current agriculture research journal. Okra s potential for research and contribution to enhanced livelihoods. Moench is an economically important vegetable crop grown in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. It belongs to the genus abelmoschus and family malvaceae. However, production is best during long warm season in sandy loam soil with ph 5. Vegetable production technologies and organic production prakash s naik indian institute of vegetable research. Costs for water, land lease, and production inputs fertilizer, pesticide, etc. In west africa, leaves, buds, and flowers of okra are also consumed. Abelmoschus esculentus nilesh jain1, ruchi jain1, vaibhav jain1 and surendra jain1 1sagar institute of research and technology pharmacy, sirt campus, ayodhya bypass road, bhopal, madhya pradesh, india. Pdf this study characterises the nature of the vegetable production shortfall throughout ghana for remedial action to be taken.
Dry fruit skin and fibers are used in manufacture of paper, cardboard and fibers. Okra is a popular summer crop, the young tender fruits are cooked in. Okra also known as ladysfingers, gumbo, or bhindiis the most important vegetable crop of the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The geographical origin of okra is disputed, with supporters of west african, ethiopian, and south asian origins. Okra easily crosspollinates so if you are planning to save seed, either plant only one variety or separate by up to one mile. Integral components of organic farming crop rotation hotcold weather. However, npk fertilizer is very expensive and therefore increases cost of production. Jan 01, 2016 pdf on jan 1, 2016, akshay chittora and others published production technology of okra find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The site of production of these okra are always very far to the market and where they are been consumed, therefore postharvest deterioration of fresh okra result in loss of produce due to the poor storage and transport conditions employed by farmers in bringing the produce from the farms in outlying. Fruits and vegetables account for 92 % of production of horticultural crops fruits. Okra farming details ladys finger guide asia farming. Okra farming cost, profits bhindi a project report.
To take into account crop adaptation to soils, climate and market considerations. Vegetable production technical efficiency and technology. Introduction okra is a flowering plant of the mallow family. Jul 27, 2016 okra production technology in pakistan okra or ladys finger abelmoschus esculentus or hibiscus esculentus is cultivated for vegetable purpose.
Rejuvenation is a technology that reduces the inputs of cultivating okra. Okra is native to the tropics of the eastern hemisphere and is widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics of the western hemisphere. Dried fruit contain 12 to 22% edible oil and 20 to 25% protein and is used for refined edible oil. Good agricultural practices for greenhouse vegetable crops. Conventional production organic production why organic. An overview of production, processing, marketing and utilisation of okra. Most commercial okra in kentucky is grown for farm ers markets or community supported agriculture csa sales. An overview of production, processing, marketing and utilisation of okra in egbedore local government area of osun state, nigeria agricultural engineering international. Production management commercial varieties camiling smooth green light smooth green soil and climate requirements okra can be grown from lowto midelevation areas throughout the year. Food and agriculture organization of the united nations plant production and protection division wilfried baudoin, remi nonowomdim, nebambi lutaladio, alison hodder international society for horticultural science commission protected cultivation. Okra or ladies finger has good potential as a foreign exchanger crop and accounts for 65% of the export of fresh vegetables. Okras potential for research and contribution to enhanced livelihoods. The term okra was in the use of english by the late 18th century 12.
It is only in west and central africa accounting for about 10% of world production that common okra and west african okra are both used. The key to maintaining okra production continuously throughout the summer is to harvest regularly. Okra can be grown throughout the year but for seed production purpose, the maturity and harvesting period should not coincide with heavy rains, therefore, early kharif and summer seasons are more preferable for seed production. Examples of improved production techniques for major vegetable crops, tomato, cabbage, rape, onion, okra and cucurbits were discussed. Journal of food gemede et al, food process echnol 21. An overview of production, processing, marketing and. Okra seeds have hard seed coats an soaking seeds in hot water for 12 hours prior to planting improves germination.